Is this the mission, or challenge? I believe the mission requires that you win 5 superior potions from level 13 or higher. If so, I'd recommend pushing on to higher levels of the void keep to increase the changes, rather than sticking to level 13.
I agree though that these missions can be a bit of a battle, especially if RNG isn't on your side. Sometimes it can take forever just to get the potions you need for the mission, which is why I recommend that you keep pushing onwards. I found the void boss to be a bit easier than some of the other ones, such as the spirit or magic bosses. The latter needed some extra mechanic to remove the shield or stop the heal, which requires specific champions.
The only other thing I want to add is that don't stress about collecting lesser potions. They will become useful, even if you eventually get to late game, especially for fusion events (like the one we are in now).