There has been no nerfs to artifact upgrades.
During this enhancement event I did have some really expensive attempts to +16 but on the other hand I also had some lucky runs that didn't take much silver to finish. While I agree that cost reduction should be considered, the upgrade attempts themselves are just RNG.
You may need to count the number of times for each level up. Rumor said it never reach 34. Those said that could not tell why, they just counted and thought so.
(What I think of:)
It based on a simple idea, the maximum/highest cost for upgrading an artifact (not amulet/ring/banner) will not exceed 1mil silver per level. Plarium coders divided 1M silver to highest upgrade cost (i.e 6*) to that 33/34 number.
If you happen to count 1 level more than 34, it means Plarium already nerf artifact upgrading.
(To many ppl in this forum and reddit, all my theories are untrustable, trust or not is your choice)