Ok, let me try my English here.
For most of your question the correct answer is "depends", but here some additional info from my understanding
1. I still keep unequipped some good quality 4* equipment with very good substat and rolls, they are mostly "yellow" tier, but you will find, that lower tier with more stars can beat low stars/better quality just by their better scaling of stats. So, at some point you will start to clean your storage starting from lower tier and lower stars.
2. For me personally and for my play style and roster = always, anytime. But... this is, where my first "depends" comes. There may be certain situations, or more likely champions/builds/compositions, when champion's kit can actually may benefit more from maxing some other stats than speed boots, say those, that have build in CA. This is way to niche, so, yes, speed boots is almost always not just the right choice, but a must.
3. Most of the time - yes. Still, there are situations, when if you want to boost way too low champion basic defense stat, (and thus they benefit less from that % increasement) you may get better result with better/best quality equipment with flat defense. It will not be big of a difference but still can give you some precious points.
4. Speed, as a set, is probably one of the most used and useful set, in my opinion. The thing is - speed is useful in every aspect of the game and for some part its just mandatory.
As for Life steal set - yes, it is useful too, some may say "most useful set in game", but i don't think that can be correct statement. There are way too many "depends" here. Way too many. For example - i can't find enough reasons to use it in Arena. Maybe it is just my Arena composition, but generally I think you must sacrifice way to much in term of other set bonuses or other more useful sets for Arena, when battles don't usually go many, many turns. Still, i know some good players that run some of their Arena champs with LS set and that works for them. It is mostly ...."depends" :)
As for Acc set - i like it, but I use it only if I can't get desired acc from substats and those acc is important for my champion.
Another personal preference, judging from my play style - I really like Provoke Set. Paired with suitable champion this can be really useful and sometime slightly OP :)
But not all sets are generally useful if paired with suitable champion and in proper situation. Some are just not that good, have way too niche usage or have better version, like Sleep vs Stun sets.
But generally, I find sets to be that good or bad as you manage to make them. If you can fit them well in your team composition and they enhance your team performance, so they are good. If not, then... it's time to to rethink your concept.